How do school personnel make determinations about student rights, conduct, and discipline?

Several sources provide clear guidance on how student rights, conduct and discipline are managed on a daily basis. These sources include:
Federal law (including but not limited to Title IV and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), Titles II and III of the Americans with Disabilities Act)
State law (Pennsylvania Public School Code of 1949)

http://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/US/HTM/1949/0/0014..HTM

Palisades School District policies (posted on website under School Board) https://www.palisadessd.org/domain/540

Palisades School District Handbooks (posted on each school webpage)

State Regulations http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/022/022toc.html